Recently, Pakistan and Iran, two nations sharing a troublesome border of 900 kilometers, found themselves involved in airstrikes on each other’s territory. Balochistan, a volatile region in Pakistan, has been the victim of numerous militant operations from both Pakistan and Iran. However, on 16th January, Iran launched airstrikes into Balochistan, resulting in the tragic death of two children and leaving several wounded, according to Pakistani authorities. 

This attack surprised Pakistan, as operations from both sides of the border have previously been limited to provocations. Iran’s authorities reported that they were targeting the base of the Sunni militant group, Jaish al-Ad, which has operated on both sides of the border and has taken responsibility for terrorist attacks on both nations. The group’s end goal is to establish an independent Sunni state comprising the Balochistan province from Pakistan and the Sistan territory in Iran.

In retaliation to the attack, Pakistan launched its own series of air attacks just two days later, resulting in the death of 10 police officers, according to Iran’s authorities. The situation, as narrated by the authorities, raises questions about the information being shared with the public. “I think it is imperative for Pakistan to maintain their relations with Iran, especially in an age of Islamic disunity, but the recent skirmish between them has definitely  had an impact on the relationship,” said Affan Warraich ’26, an Economics and Computer Science major at Union from Pakistan when asked about his thoughts on the ongoing conflict between the two nations.

To provide context, Islam has two major sects, Sunnis and Shias. While Pakistan is predominantly Sunni, Iran is majority Shia. Religious disputes are highly apparent on both sides, and Pakistan has witnessed significant Shia genocide in the last decade. Behind the scenes, it remains uncertain what has transpired for airstrikes to be exchanged so casually between both nations. Despite speculations, nothing can be said for certain, and peace has been ensured as China and Turkey both intervene, urging restraint from both nations. Both nations have issued statements expressing their desire to prevent further escalation.